The Southern Ocean

Worksheet Description

This worksheet delves into the unique characteristics and ecological significance of the Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean. It discusses how this ocean surrounds the continent of Antarctica and extends from the coast of Antarctica to the 60° south latitude line, making it the most recently designated ocean by the International Hydrographic Organization in 2000. The document highlights the extreme conditions of the Southern Ocean, including its profound depths, frigid temperatures, and the expansive presence of sea ice that covers about 90% of the ocean’s surface during winter. It also touches on the diverse marine life adapted to these harsh conditions, including whales, seals, penguins, and a wide range of fish and invertebrates.

The worksheet aims to educate students about the Southern Ocean’s role in global climate, its environmental challenges, and its critical contributions to Earth’s hydrosphere. It teaches about the physical and biological aspects of the ocean, emphasizing its influence on worldwide weather patterns and oceanic currents. Students will learn about the adaptations of organisms living in this extreme environment and the importance of this ocean in global ecological balance. This educational tool seeks to raise awareness of the importance of conservation efforts in polar regions due to their sensitivity to climate change and human impacts.