Chemical Properties of Solutions

Worksheet Description

Acids are proton (H+) donors. This is according to the Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases. When an acid dissolves in water, it donates a proton to a water molecule. Acids increase the concentration of H+ ions when added to water. Acids react with certain metals, like zinc, magnesium, and iron, to produce hydrogen gas. Acids can neutralize bases to form water and a salt. Many acids (though it’s not safe to taste chemicals in a lab) have a sour taste. When dissolved in water, acids form ions, which allows the solution to conduct electricity.

Bases are proton (H+) acceptors according to the Bronsted-Lowry theory. Bases increase the concentration of hydroxide (OH-) ions when added to water. Many bases feel slippery to the touch due to the reaction of the base with skin oils. Bases can neutralize acids to produce water and a salt. Some bases have a bitter taste, but again, tasting is not a safe or recommended method of identification. Similar to acids, when bases are dissolved in water, they form ions, which allows the solution to conduct electricity.

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